Embryo transfer is a critical step in IVF success, requiring close coordination between the fertility specialist and the embryologist.
Timing of the Transfer
- Usually performed between Day 2 and Day 5 after egg retrieval for a fresh embryo transfer.
- The exact day depends on embryo development and clinic protocol.
The Procedure
1. Preparation
- The woman is positioned in a gynecological exam chair.
- A speculum is inserted to expose the cervix.
- The cervix is gently cleaned, and any excess cervical mucus is removed.
2. Embryo Transfer Process
- A trial transfer may be done first with an empty catheter to ensure smooth entry into the uterus. Some clinics perform this test in a prior consultation or on egg retrieval day.
- The selected embryo(s) are placed in a thin catheter attached to a syringe.
- Under ultrasound guidance, the catheter is carefully inserted through the cervical canal into the uterine cavity.
- The embryo(s) are deposited 1 to 1.5 cm from the top of the uterus, optimizing implantation potential.
3. Post-Transfer Check
- The catheter is removed and checked by the embryologist to ensure no embryo remains inside.
- If an embryo stays in the catheter, the procedure is repeated immediately with no impact on success rates.
Optimizing the Procedure
- A semi-full bladder is recommended, as it gently shifts the uterus into a better position for catheter insertion.
- The procedure is painless for most women and does not require anesthesia, though some women with cervical sensitivity may experience mild discomfort.
- If local or general anesthesia is used, it does not reduce pregnancy success rates.
- Embryo transfer is a quick, delicate, and precise procedure, maximizing the chances of implantation.
